(1) According to World Transparency Organization, Vietnam’s 2022 corruption awareness index is 42 points (ranked 77/180 countries), increasing 10 places compared to 2021 (in 2021 Vietnam reached 39 points, ranked 87/180 countries); China and Cuba reached 45 points (both ranked 65/1800). Ranked below Vietnam are mostly multi-party countries such as: India (ranked 85/180), Colombia (ranked 91/180, Argentina (ranked 94/180), Morocco (ranked 94/180), Philippines (ranked 116/180), Egypt (ranked 130/180), Sudan (ranked 162/180).

(Source: https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2022).

(2) Communist Party of Vietnam (2021), Documents of the 13th National Congress, Publishing House of National Politics and Truth, Hanoi, Vol. 2, pages 145-146.

54 Issue 10 - 2024

Political theory and communication

(3) Over the past 10 years (2012-2022), anti-corruption work has made strong progress, achieving many important results. Prosecution agencies across the country have investigated 19,546 cases/33,868 defendants, prosecuted 16,699 cases/33,037 defendants, and conducted first instance trials of 15,857 cases/30,355 defendants for corruption crimes. From the beginning of the 13th Party Congress term to December 2022, over 4,200 cases have been prosecuted and investigated, with more than 7,500 defendants accused of corruption crimes. Notably, 25 officials belonging to the Politburo and the Secretariat have been criminally prosecuted. In 2022 respectively, investigation agencies in the People’s Public Security have handled the investigation of 687 cases, 1,439 defendants accused of corruption crimes, of which: New prosecutions of 436 cases and 929 defendants (an increase of 105 cases, 177 accused compared to the previous year’s reporting period) (Source: Government (2022): Report No. 410/BC-CP, dated October 12, 2022 on Anti-corruption work in 2022, p.13).

(4) For example, such cases as Duong Chi Dung, Vu Quoc Hao, Pham Cong Danh, Ha Van Tham, Giang Kim Dat, Dinh La Thang, Trinh Xuan Thanh, Phan Van Anh Vu (Vu aluminum), Dinh Ngoc He (Bald Ut), Nguyen Van Vinh (high- tech gambling), Nguyen Bac Son and Truong Minh Tuan (AVG case), rescue flight case at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, test kit case related to the Minister of Health and former Minister of Science and Technology, and so on.