Building and developing socio-economic aspects alongside strengthening national defense, security, and external relations have always been a strategic combination of the Communist Party and the State of Vietnam in the process of nation-building and development. Entering the third decade of the 21st century, in the face of unpredictable changes in the global, regional, and domestic situations, the Communist Party of Vietnam has issued development documents with many fundamental and important orientations related to external relations. With the aim of clarifying the viewpoint of the Communist Party of Vietnam on the combination of socio-economic development with national defense, security, and external relations today, the article delves into the theoretical basis and practical aspects contributing to the formation of the Party’s viewpoint on this combination, the Party’s basic viewpoints at the XIIIth Congress, as well as the implementation of this approach in recent external relations activities.